As the cost of DNA sequencing continues to decline, academia and biotech companies have been waiting for more people to test and share their entire genome. But so far, this scene has not appeared. Personal genome companies (such as 23andMe and Ancestry) conduct consumer genotyping, a relatively inexpensive process that identifies individual DNA bases throughout the genome. Although this genotyping has become very popular, academics, medical researchers and pharmaceutical companies want different technologies. They strive for genome-wide sequences (each of the approximately 6.4 billion bases in the human genome) for research and development of drugs, and so on. But they didn't get what they wanted: Consumers were reluctant to pay up to $1,000 for whole-genome sequencing, even more fearful of sharing detailed private data. Paying for the cost of genetic data in cryptocurrency, protecting personal privacy Nebula Genomics, a startup founded by Harvard University biologist and genetic sequencing pioneer George Church, says it can solve these problems with a blockchain that supports cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. Several of the company's founders described their goals in a 28-page white paper quietly published in February: using blockchains to reduce the cost of personal genome sequencing, opening up intermediaries, making it easy for individuals and companies and academia Share whole genome sequences and reduce privacy issues. Former Google staff, Kamal Obbad, who graduated from Harvard University, will serve as CEO of Nebula. He said: "Who knows what can be done to your genome in the next decade or two? People are worried about giving this ownership to others. We are working hard to resolve those pain points." Consumers decide where gene data is stored and who can access it If the user chooses to sequence and store the genome by Nebula (the actual DNA sequencing work will be done by Veritas Genetics, another company founded by Church), it will continue to own and access its personal DNA sequence. This sounds reasonable, but not common in consumer genomics: many leading genotyping companies require users to abandon ownership of genetic data and then sell the data to other companies. Obbad said that Nebula would not do this at all: consumers will decide where the data is stored and who can access the data. The Nebula network is built on a blockchain platform and a blockchain from Ethereum that will allow consumers to remain anonymous and require data buyers such as pharmaceutical companies to be completely transparent. All transactions between the consumer and the buyer are kept confidential, stored in the blockchain, and supported by a cryptocurrency called Nebula token. Its general working principle is as follows: Nebula will require consumers to participate in detailed health surveys, and then companies interested in specific characteristics or diseases pay Nebula tokens to consumers with the characteristics or diseases in order to access their genetic data. Consumers can use those tokens to pay for the cost of gene sequencing. In fact, the company will subsidize consumer sequencing fees to access the data they want to access. What is the value of blockchain technology in sequencing? Nebula Angel Wheel Financing $600,000 It's unclear how much Nebula tokens will be for users after sequencing, but Obbad says people may end up using tokens to buy third-party applications that interpret genetic data, such as matching someone's genetic map. Cosmetics series. In order to achieve this, Nebula hopes to continue to reduce the cost of sequencing. The first human genome sequenced in 2001 was estimated to cost a total of $3 billion. Now, sequencing giant Illumina is developing a platform for future human genome sequencing that costs only $100. Obbad said that Nebula has received $600,000 from angel investors and is expected to release a financing announcement soon. The company hopes to launch the first version of the Nebula network for users within six months. (Megan Scudellari) Tetanus Shot,Tetanus Vaccine,Hepatitis B Injection,Hep B Vaccine FOSHAN PHARMA CO., LTD. , https://www.fs-pharma.com